TYPOGRAPHY SKILL- task 1 ( Research )

Anatomy of typography

Baseline

                                                                 

The imaginary horizontal line upon which the majority of the character in typeface sit .

Capline

The imaginary horizontal line that designates the height of lowercase letter.

x-height

The x-height refer to the distance between the baseline and the mean line in a typeface . Typically ,this is the height of the letter x in the font ,as well as the (u, v ,w, and z) curved letter such as a, c, e, m ,n ,o , r and s tend to exceed the x-height slightly ,due to overshoot.

Arm 

A horizontal portion of a letter form,one or both ends of which are unattached to the vertical portion 

Bowl

A curved portion of the letter form that encloses a counter, the exception in the lower curved part of a lowercase .

Counter 

The negative  space of a letter form .A counter may be either fully or partially enclosed .

 Crossbar 

The horizontal part of a letter form that connects,for example ,a stem to a hairline .

Loop

The curved part of a lowercase (g) that enclose the lower counter similar to a bowl .

 Stem

The main vertical or near vertical portion of letter form .

Ascender  

The portion of a lowercase letter form (K, b. or d) that ascender above x-height of the typeface ,contrast descender .

Descender 

The portion of a lowercase (y,p or q) in a typeface .in somw typeface the uppercase J and Q also descender below the baseline .

Leg

The lower ,angled stroke of a (K).

Hairline

The thinnest line of a typeface made of varying line weight .

Kerning 
Kerning is the process of adjusting the spacing between character in proportional font ,usually to achievea visually pleasing result kerning adjusts between individual letter forms.While tracking (letter spacing)adjusts spacing over a rangs of characters in a well kerned font.

Example of kerning

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Leading 
In typography ,leading refers to the distance between the baseline of successive lines of type .The term originated in the day of hand-typesetting ,when thin strips of lead were inserted into the form to increase the vertical distance between line type . 

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What a the different Serif and sans-serif ? Serif typeface are named for the features at the ends of the their strokes, Times Roman and Garamond are command are common example of serif typefaces.Serif fonts are probably the most used class in printed materials,including most book, newspapers and magazines .

Serif fonts are often classified into three subcategories :
old style , Transitional,and modern ,example for serif typefaces is Times New Roman ,Garamond ,Century schoolbook.

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Serif fonts are distinguishable by the extra stroke at the ends of the character, known as a serif.

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Example for serif 

"Sans" is french word that mean without .so "sans-serif "means without curls or small appendixes (feel) that we find at the end of each letter ,example for sans-serif is Arial,Tahoma ,verdona .

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Example sans-serif

Picture below shows the difference between serif and sans serif

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3 Example of advertisement.

Using sans-serif font ,and this poster using bright color it can attract people and also it look so cheerful

The font very unique and it using serif typeface and sans-serif typeface .by using dark background the font will appear .but this poster using too many color 

look simple but nice .The poster using full serif typeface and using many white color.