professional practice -career direction / Mid critique ( Assignment 3)

Copyright

Copyright is a form of protection provided to the authors of original work of authorship ,Including literary , dramatic , musical, artistic, and other intellectual works ,both published and unpublished .The copyright symbol was introduced in the United States ,In 1976 Copyright Act generally given the owner of copy the exclusive right to reproduce the copyrighted work, to prepare derivative works, to distribute copies or phonorecords of the copyrighted work, to perform the copyrighted work publicly, or to display the copyrighted work publicly. The copyright protects the form of expression rather than the subject matter of the writing. For example, a description of a machine could be copyrighted, but this would only prevent others from copying the description it would not prevent others from writing a description of their own or from making and using the machine.

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Trademark
The ™ can mean a number of things. It can mean a federal trademark application has been filed and is pending .It can mean that a state application has been filed and has been granted or is pending. Or it can just mean that no trademark application has been filed either at the federal or state level, but this mark is being used to distinguish goods .In that case, the owner of the mark has common law right even though the mark has not been registered . “℠” in superscript ,for an unregistered service mark ,a mark used to promote or brand service .The R ,on the other hand ,is only used for mark that have been granted federal registration .This means that the mark has been registered with the United States Patent and Trademark office and the application has been granted.
Trade secret
In general terms trade secrets include inventions, ideas, or compilations of ­­­data that are used by a business to make itself more successful. Specifically, trade secrets include any useful formula, plan, pattern, process, program, tool, techniqe, mechanism,compound, or device that is not generally known or readily ascertainable by the public. Whatever type of information is represented by a trade secret, a business must take reasonable steps to safeguard it from disclosure.

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patent

A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state to an inventor or assigner for a limited period of time in exchange for detailed public disclosure of an invention. An invention is a solution to a specific technological problem and is a product or a process, Patents are a form of intellectual property. The procedure for granting patents, requirements placed on the patentee, and the extent of the exclusive rights vary widely between countries according to national laws and international agreements. Typically, however, a granted patent application must include one or more claims that define the invention. A patent may include many claims, each of which defines a specific property right. These claims must meet relevant patentability requirements, such as novelty and non-obviousness. The exclusive right granted to a patentee in most countries is the right to prevent others from commercially making, using, selling, importing, or distributing a patented invention without permission.


Intellectual property and how it protected.

Inte llectual Property (IP) refers to the protection of creations of the mind, which have both a moral and a commercial value. IP law typically grants the author of an intellectual creation exclusive rights for exploiting and benefiting from their creation. However, these rights, also called monopoly right of exploitation, are limited in scope, duration and geographical extent. Intellectual Property (IP) refers to the protection of creations of the mind, which have both a moral and a commercial value .IP law typically grants the author of an intellectual creation exclusive rights for exploiting and benefiting from their creation. However, these rights, also called monopoly right of exploitation, are limited in scope, duration and geographical extent.


Modal release form.

model release is a legal release typically signed by the subject of a photograph granting permission to publish the photograph in one form or another. The legal rights of the signatories in reference to the material is thereafter subject to the allowances and restrictions stated in the release, and also possibly in exchange for compensation paid to the photographed. No release is required for publication, as news, of a photo taken of an identifiable person when the person is in a public place. In general, no release is required for publication of a photo taken of an identifiable person when the person is in a public space unless the use is for trade or direct commercial use, which is defined as promoting a product, service, or idea. Publication of a photo of an identifiable person, even if taken when the person is in a public place, for commercial use, without a model release signed by the person, can result in civil liability for whoever publishes the photograph.

Piracy

An image such as a drawing or photograph is typically protected by copyright. If you want to use an image that you did not create, you generally must obtain specific permission from the copyright-holder and agree on the terms of use. One common commercial agreement is known as a royalty-free license to use an image.A royalty is an agreed-on fee paid for each use of a commercial item. For example, a radio station may pay royalties based on the number of times a song is played on the air or a company may pay royalties for software based on the number of computers on which the software is loaded. Similarly, a newspaper or magazine may pay a photographer a fee for an image and also pay a royalty each time the image is reproduced in other media, such as the publication's website or a special-issue publication.

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Counterfeiting

Counterfeiting is the practice of manufacturing goods, often of inferior quality, and selling them under a brand name without the brand owner’s authorization. Generally, counterfeit goods are sold under a trademark that is identical to or substantially indistinguishable from the brand owner's trademark for the same goods, without the approval or oversight of the trademark owner. Many well-known brands, spanning various industries, are victims of counterfeiting. Counterfeiting can be distinguished from traditional trademark infringement or passing off, which involves the use of confusingly similar trademarks or service marks on or in association with similar as opposed to fake products or services. The manufacturing of counterfeits is most prevalent in developing countries with a strong, inexpensive manufacturing capability, including many nations throughout Asia (such as China and Taiwan), although counterfeit goods are sold around the globe. Counterfeits are 

manufactured to a lesser degree in developed countries.

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Definition of ‘engagement ‘ or “Appointment “ in area of fashion design /graphic advertising standard contract agreement.

Employee engagement is a property of the relationship between an organization and its employees. An "engaged employee" is one who is fully absorbed by and enthusiastic about their work and so takes positive action to further the organization's reputation and interests. An organization with 'high' employee engagement might therefore be expected to outperform those with 'low' employee engagement, all else being equal .

Emotional connection an employee feels toward his or her employment organization ,Which tends to influence his or her behaviors and level of effort in work related activities .The more engagement an employee has with his or her company ,the more effort they put forth .Employee engagement also involves the nature of job itself if the employee feels mentally stimulated the trust and communication between employees and management ability of an employee to see how their own work contributes to the overall company performance the opportunity of growth with the organization and the level of pride an employee has about working or being associated with the company. An engaged employee experiences a blend of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job involvement and feelings of empowerment. It is a concept that is greater than the sum of its parts.